HRT or Hormone Replacement Therapy is effectual in providing symptomatic respite from bothersome menopausal symptoms and its employment for this purpose is wholly validated when the symptoms have an adverse effect on day-to-day functioning.

HRT comprises of administering either a plain estrogen (conjugated estrogen) preparation or a combination of estrogen and progesterone (combo of conjugated estrogen + medroxyprogesterone acetate) advised either on acyclic or continual basis. Alongside HRT treatment, women must be adequately counselled about adhering to proper dietary intake and healthier lifestyle choices.

Ideally, doctors advocate giving lowest effectual dosage for menopausal women that should be used for the shortest duration necessary and the reappraisal of the treatment undertaken at least on a yearly basis. ‘Short interval’ HRT could be considered for close to 5 years and is normally targeted for allaying menopausal symptoms amongst women lying in their early fifties.

If there is a relapse of the menopausal symptoms after halting the hormones, an informed conclusion could be derived to recommence the treatment. The total risk-benefit balance for HRT in women not having menopausal symptoms is not normally favourable. When deemed appropriate, women are guided by the concerned doctor in terms of the absolute risks of the identified unfavourable and useful effects of HRT, instead of the relative risks.

Ideally, well-balanced data regarding HRT must be readily accessible to both clinicians and the mass public, so that symptomatic menopausal women who choose to undergo HRT must be backed by clued-in healthcare professionals.

HRT can additionally be employed on younger women (lesser than 40 years) that experience an untimely menopause, unless contraindicated, for treatment of menopausal symptoms and averting osteoporosis till the age of normally occurring menopause, when the therapy would need a reviewal.

HRT could additionally be employed as an ‘add-back therapy’ when GnRH or Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists are given to avert menopausal symptoms. Women that have undergone a surgical menopause due to bilateral oophorectomy could gain from testosterone replacement in addition to oestrogen particularly for improving libido.

Topical or local application of oestrogen replacement or conjugated oestrogen cream might be needed on a long-standing basis for reversing the symptoms of urogenital atrophy that is a late symptom of oestrogen deficiency. It emerges as a more effectual treatment than systemic therapy in this regard.

The harrowing experiences of having to deal with hot flashes, moodiness and other signs that come with menopause, women additionally face physical and emotional turmoil. For instance, as menopause is the harbinger of sterility, it is a total letdown for those women who had plans of getting pregnant.

Women who get premature menopause experience depleted estrogen levels due to the ovaries halting a major portion of their production which leads to alterations in a woman’s general health and might raise the chances of developing particular medical conditions like osteoporosis, colon and ovarian cancer, gum disease, loss of tooth and also leading to cataract.

Women with premature menopause go through major parts of their lives with no safeguarding advantages of their own estrogen which lands them in a heightened risk of an array if menopause-associated health issues.

Premature Menopause Symptoms:

The premature menopausal symptoms are quite analogous to those experienced during natural menopause and could comprise of:

• Erratic or skipped periods.
• Heavier than or lesser than normal periods.
• Hot flashes – an abrupt sense of warmness that seems to spread throughout the body.

All these signs are an indicator that there is less production of estrogen in the ovaries.

Alongside the above stated symptoms, few women might experience:

• Dryness experienced in the vagina along with additionally becoming thinner and less supple.
• Irritability in the Bladder and deterioration in urinary incontinence.
• Emotional fluctuations ( tetchiness, moodiness, mild depressive tendencies)
• Dryness in the skin, mouth or eyes.
• Wakefulness.
• Lowered libido.

If one is below 40 years of age and along with the above stated symptoms are experiencing any of the below mentioned conditions, then one must promptly seek medical advice to ascertain if one is experiencing premature menopause:

• Those having been through chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
• If you or a kin member is ailing from an autoimmune disorder like hypothyroidism, lupus or Grave’s disease.
• Persistent failures in getting pregnant for longer than a year.
• One’s mother or sister has undergone premature menopause.

Diagnosis & Tests:

• A physical exam would be carried out by the doctor and a blood sample taken to overrule any conditions like pregnancy and thyroid disease.
• A test for measurement of the estradiol levels might additionally be ordered by the doctor. Depleted levels of estradiol – a type of estrogen could point to the condition of commencing ovarian failure. Estradiol levels that are less than 36 could indicate one is menopausal.
• Yet, the key test for diagnosis of premature menopause is blood test that involves the measurement of FSH or Follicle Stimulating Hormone. FSH is responsible for the production of estrogen by the ovaries. When the estrogen production by the ovaries slows down, the FSH levels rise.
• FSH levels that are above 30 or 40 mIU/mL normally point to being menopausal.

Premature Menopause Treatment:

The signs and health threats of premature menopause along with the emotional upheaval that could result due to it might be treated with analogous methods like those being employed for treating natural menopause.

Women who face sterility due to the outcome of premature menopause might want to talk about their choices with their doctor or their gynecologist.